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Abstract
Educational marginalization is the major factor for the social, cultural, economic, and political marginalization of any community in any country. Literacy and educational levels of Muslims in Uganda are far below that of their Christian counterparts. Muslims in Africa have been marginalized in formal education since the colonial days. Anecdotal evidence suggests a nearly ubiquitous gap in Muslim educational attainment across Uganda. While the magnitude of inequality in Muslim educational attainment in Uganda has been changing over time, limited scholarly attention has been given to this issue. Against this backdrop, this position paper analyses the historical and current perspective of educational marginalization of Muslims in Uganda, its legal implications & measures to mitigate this marginalization, and challenges to mitigating the marginalization. The paper advocates for the need to take affirmative action in favour of Muslims to address past and present educational injustices.
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References
- Abidi, A. (2015). Educational marginalization of Muslim girls: A study on the role of state and religion. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME). 5(4), 62-68. www.iosrjournals.org
- Bwire, S. (2012). “Kakungulu: The father of Muslims education in Uganda”. Retrieved from: http://www.sunrise.ug/features/features/3961-kakungulu-the-father-of-muslims-education-in-uganda.html
- Dilger, H. (2013). Religion and the formation of an urban educational market: transnational reform processes and social inequalities in Christian and Muslim schooling in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Religion in Africa. 43,451-479.
- Ferreira, Francisco, Gignoux, & Jeremie (2014). The measurement of educational inequality: Achievement and opportunity. World Bank Economic Review. 28(2), 210–246. doi:10.1093/wber/lht004
- Government of Uganda. (1995). Constitution of the Republic of Uganda. Government Printing Press
- Government of Uganda. (2007), Equal Opportunity Commission Act: Functions and Powers of the EOC.
- Izama, M. P. (2013). Muslim education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Prepared for the AALIMS Graduate Student Workshop, April 5.
- Kar, B.N., & Ghosh, N.B. (2017). Education and socio-economic marginalization of Muslim women: A case study of North 24-Parganas District in West Bengal. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology. 14, 1.
- Kasozi, A. (1986). The spread of Islam in Uganda. London: Oxford University Press.
- Kiyimba, A. (1986). The Problem of Muslim Education in Uganda: Some Reflections. Journal of the Commission for Ratial Equality. 12(2), 247-256.
- Lugo, L. (2010). Tolerance and tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Technical report Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life.
- Mayer, P. (2009). Guidelines for writing a Review Article. Retrieved from http://www.plantscience.ethz.ch/education/Masters/courses/Scientific Writing. Zurich: Uni Basel.
- Ministry of Education and Sports (2015). Education Management Information System (EMIS) Data base 2010-2015. Kampala: MOES
- Musoke, R. (2017, January 24). Decade’s best performing O’level schools. The New Vision.
- Noguchi, J. (2006): The science review article – An opportune genre in the construction of science. Linguistic Insights Volume 17. Bern: Peter Lang.
- Nsereko Mutumba (2016, April 15). Why Ugandan Muslims have lagged behind. The New Vision, Added 10: 54 AM.
- Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2008). Addressing intolerance and discrimination against Muslims: Youth and education. Report of OSCE-ODIHR Roundtable.
- Pop, D. (Ed.). (2012). Education policy and equal education opportunities. Open Society Foundations. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
- Ridley, D. (2008). The literature review: A step-by-step guide for students. London: Sage Publications.
- Sengendo, A. K. (undated). Muslim Education in Uganda. A Keynote address.
- Songayroun, I. E. (2007). Educational status of Ugandan Muslims: A historical note. Education of Muslim Minorities.
- Ssekamwa, J. C. (2000). History and development of education in Uganda. Kampala: Fountain Publishers.
- Talemwa, M. (2017) Observer Media Ltd. The Observer, (2014). Muslim schools fall, leaders seek answers.
- Vision Reporter. (2011, August 25). What affirmative action should be taken for marginalized groups? The New Vision.
- Weswala U. (2017, July 23). The State of the Muslim Girl-Child Education in Uganda. Sunday Vision
References
Abidi, A. (2015). Educational marginalization of Muslim girls: A study on the role of state and religion. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME). 5(4), 62-68. www.iosrjournals.org
Bwire, S. (2012). “Kakungulu: The father of Muslims education in Uganda”. Retrieved from: http://www.sunrise.ug/features/features/3961-kakungulu-the-father-of-muslims-education-in-uganda.html
Dilger, H. (2013). Religion and the formation of an urban educational market: transnational reform processes and social inequalities in Christian and Muslim schooling in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Religion in Africa. 43,451-479.
Ferreira, Francisco, Gignoux, & Jeremie (2014). The measurement of educational inequality: Achievement and opportunity. World Bank Economic Review. 28(2), 210–246. doi:10.1093/wber/lht004
Government of Uganda. (1995). Constitution of the Republic of Uganda. Government Printing Press
Government of Uganda. (2007), Equal Opportunity Commission Act: Functions and Powers of the EOC.
Izama, M. P. (2013). Muslim education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Prepared for the AALIMS Graduate Student Workshop, April 5.
Kar, B.N., & Ghosh, N.B. (2017). Education and socio-economic marginalization of Muslim women: A case study of North 24-Parganas District in West Bengal. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology. 14, 1.
Kasozi, A. (1986). The spread of Islam in Uganda. London: Oxford University Press.
Kiyimba, A. (1986). The Problem of Muslim Education in Uganda: Some Reflections. Journal of the Commission for Ratial Equality. 12(2), 247-256.
Lugo, L. (2010). Tolerance and tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Technical report Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life.
Mayer, P. (2009). Guidelines for writing a Review Article. Retrieved from http://www.plantscience.ethz.ch/education/Masters/courses/Scientific Writing. Zurich: Uni Basel.
Ministry of Education and Sports (2015). Education Management Information System (EMIS) Data base 2010-2015. Kampala: MOES
Musoke, R. (2017, January 24). Decade’s best performing O’level schools. The New Vision.
Noguchi, J. (2006): The science review article – An opportune genre in the construction of science. Linguistic Insights Volume 17. Bern: Peter Lang.
Nsereko Mutumba (2016, April 15). Why Ugandan Muslims have lagged behind. The New Vision, Added 10: 54 AM.
Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (2008). Addressing intolerance and discrimination against Muslims: Youth and education. Report of OSCE-ODIHR Roundtable.
Pop, D. (Ed.). (2012). Education policy and equal education opportunities. Open Society Foundations. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Ridley, D. (2008). The literature review: A step-by-step guide for students. London: Sage Publications.
Sengendo, A. K. (undated). Muslim Education in Uganda. A Keynote address.
Songayroun, I. E. (2007). Educational status of Ugandan Muslims: A historical note. Education of Muslim Minorities.
Ssekamwa, J. C. (2000). History and development of education in Uganda. Kampala: Fountain Publishers.
Talemwa, M. (2017) Observer Media Ltd. The Observer, (2014). Muslim schools fall, leaders seek answers.
Vision Reporter. (2011, August 25). What affirmative action should be taken for marginalized groups? The New Vision.
Weswala U. (2017, July 23). The State of the Muslim Girl-Child Education in Uganda. Sunday Vision