Main Article Content

Abstract

This study examines English teachers’ perceptions of the importance of essential components and early grade reading instruction: Ethiopian context. To this end, the researchers chose a descriptive research design of quantitative-qualitative approaches. Twenty (20) randomly selected primary schools were the sources of data; 125 primary school English teachers of Hawassa City Administration filled in a questionnaire. Among the twenty schools, two were selected randomly and interviews were conducted with six English teachers of grades one to three (1-3). The quantitative data analysis was done by using software for data analysis (SPSS Version 25.0), descriptive statistics. The data gathered through semi-structured interview were analyzed descriptively in words.  The results have shown that participant teachers were not practicing the strategies appropriate for literacy instruction although they have positive perceptions of importance of the critical components of early grade reading instruction. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that teacher preparation programs should reconsider the level of emphasis placed on early grade reading instruction, and practice focused trainings should be given to Ethiopian lower grades English teachers on early grade reading instruction and assessment.

Keywords

essential components instructional practice knowledge assessment literacy instruction strategies lower grades

Article Details

How to Cite
Yisihak, E., & Damtew, A. (2024). English Teachers’ Perceptions of the Importance of Essential Components and Early Grade Reading Instruction. Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 7(1), 32–55. https://doi.org/10.53449/ije.v7i1.370

References

  1. Abebe, D. (2012). Teaching reading skills in English as a foreign language through interactive classroom teaching versus plasma teaching with reference to Grade Ten students in Addis Ababa [Unpublished PhD Dissertation] Addis Ababa University.
  2. Abiy, Y. (2005). Effects of teacher mediation on student conceptions and approaches to reading [Unpublished PhD Thesis]. Addis Ababa University.
  3. Alemayehu, B. (2012). Education in Ethiopia: past, present and future prospects. African Nebula, 5. https://www.researchgate.net
  4. Almaz, D. (2015). Investigating the practice of teaching English reading and its challenges in the first cycle primary level [Unpublished PhD Dissertation]. Addis Ababa University.
  5. Amare, A. (1998). Television method of learning: A habit of learning with the least effort. Bulletin of Bahir Dar Teachers College, 9(1), 1-14.
  6. Anderson, R. D (2002). Reforming science teaching: What research says about inquiry http://uhu.es/gaia-inm/invest_escolar/httpdocs/biblioteca_pdf/2_AndersonR%5B1%5D.D.(2002)Inquiry.pdf
  7. Anderson, R. C., Hiebert, E. H., Scott, J. A., & Wilkinson I. A. G. (1985). Becoming a nation of readers: The report of the Commission on Reading. USA: National Institute of Education.
  8. Atkins, J., Hailom, B., & Nuru, M. (1996). Skills development methodology. Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa University Press.
  9. Autor, H. D. (2014). Skills, education, and the rise of earnings inequality among the “other 99 percent”. Science, 344(6186), 843-851. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262581319
  10. Ayalew, S. (2009). Secondary school teacher deployment in Ethiopia: Challenges and policy options for redressing the imbalances. In S. Ege, H. A, Aspen, Birhanu Tefera, & Shiferaw Bekele (Eds). Proceedings of the 16th international conference of Ethiopian Studies (pp.1103-1116). Trondheim
  11. Belilew, M.G. (2016). an insight into the practice of teaching early reading in Ethiopian primary schools. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, 4(15).
  12. Binks-Cantrell, E., R. M. Joshi, & Washburn, E. K. (2012). Validation of an instrument for assessing teacher knowledge of basic language constructs of literacy. Annals of Dyslexia, 62(3), 153-71.
  13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-012-0070-8
  14. Brumfit, C. (1983). The basis of a communicative methodology in language teaching [Doctoral Thesis]. Institute of Education, University of London. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10019509
  15. Bruner, J. (1986). Actual minds, possible worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  16. Chanyalew, E. & Y., Abiy (2015). Teacher’s current practices of teaching reading and grade four students’ reading achievement in Dona Berber Primary School. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 4(3). 265-272.
  17. Cuevas, J., Irving, M., & Russell, L. (2014). Applied cognition: Testing the effects of independent silent reading secondary students’ achievement and attribution. Reading Psychology, 35(2), 127-159.
  18. Dawit, M. (2008). Reflections on the Teacher Education System Overhaul (TESO) Program in Ethiopia: Promises, pitfalls and propositions. Journal of Educational Change, 9(3), 281-304.
  19. Eba, M. (2014). Practices and impeding factors in the teaching of English to young learners in the First Cycle Public Primary Schools at Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia. Science, Technology and Arts Research (STAR) Journal, 3(2), 201-212. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/star/article/view/106901
  20. Geberew, T., & Demoze, D. (2014). Proceedings of Consultative Workshop on the Implementation of Postgraduate Diploma in Teaching (PGDT) Program. Addis Ababa University, College of Education and Behavioral Studies: Addis Ababa University Printing Press.
  21. Gemechis, T. (2014). Teaching reading skills in Second Cycle (5-8) of Primary Schools in Oromiya Region: Focus to East Wollega and IlluAbabor Zones. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 17, (1), 95-109. http://gssrr.org/index.php?journal=Journalofbasicandapplied
  22. Haregewoin, F. (2003). An investigation of classroom listening comprehension teaching practices in relation to the new English course books: Grade in focus [MA Thesis]. Addis Ababa University.
  23. Johnson, K. E. (2009). Second Language teacher education: A Sociocultural Perspective. New York: Taylor &Francis Group.
  24. Koye, G. (2014). Attitude of Post-graduate Diploma in Teaching (PGDT) Student Teachers towards Teaching Profession in Ethiopian University College of Teacher Education. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/841726606
  25. Learning Points Associates (2004). The Foundations of Early Child Literacy. https://knilt.arcc.albany.edu/The_Knowledge_Network_for_Innovations_in_Learning_and_Teaching_(KNILT)
  26. Marc, P., Eric, A. H. & Simon, W. (2014). The impact of teacher skills on student performance across countries. Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2014: Evidenzbasierte Wirtschaftspolitik – Session: Education I, No. A18-V3, ZBW – Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, LeibnizInformationszentrum Wirtschaft, Kieund Hamburg. https://hdl.handle.net/10419/100356
  27. Mebratu, M. (2015). The status, roles and challenges of teaching English Language in Ethiopian context: The case of selected primary and secondary schools in Hawassa University Technology Village Area. International Journal of Sociology of Education, 4(2), 182-196.
  28. Ministry of Education (1994). Education and Training Policy. Addis Ababa.
  29. Ministry of Education & USAID. (2008, October). Review of the Ethiopian education and training policy and its implementation. Addis Ababa.
  30. Ministry of Education (2018). Ethiopian Education Development Roadmap (2018-30) [Unpublished]. Addis Ababa.
  31. Mather, N., Bos, C., & Babur, N. (2001). Perceptions and Knowledge of Pre-service and In-service Teachers about Early Literacy Instruction. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 34(5), 472-82. https://doi.org/10.1177/002221940103400508
  32. Moats, L. C. (1994). The missing foundation in teacher education: Knowledge of the structure of spoken and written language. Annals of Dyslexia, 44, 81-102.
  33. Mullis, I., Martin, M., Gonzalez, E., Gregory, K., Garden, R., O’Connor, K. Chrostowski, S., & Smith, T. (2000). TIMSS 1999 international mathematics report. IEA.
  34. Nguyen, N. V. (2013). First grade teachers' perceptions of the five strands of effective reading instruction and their possible influence on daily instructional practices. UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 1869. https://dx.doi.org/10.34917/4478288
  35. Piper, B. (2010). Ethiopia Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA): Data Analytic Report, Language and Early Learning (Unpublished report presented to the Ethiopian Ministry of Education and USAID). Addis Ababa.
  36. Richards, J. C. & Nunan, D. (Eds.) (1990). Second Language teacher education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  37. Riner, P. S. (2000). Successful teaching in the elementary classroom. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Merrill.
  38. Roberts, J. (1998). Language teacher education. London: Arnold.
  39. Rockoff, J. E. (2004). The impact of individual teachers on student achievement: Evidence from Panel data. American Economic Review, 94(2), 247-252. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828041302244
  40. Smith, C, Stone, R., & Comings, J, (2012). Field study report literacy policy and practice in Ethiopia: Building on the TELL Program and EGRA results. Amherst, MA Center for International Education, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
  41. Stygles, J. J. (2016). Eliminating shame in reading instruction. Literacy Today, 33(4), 10-11.
  42. Tesfaye, S. (2013). Teacher preparation in Ethiopia: analysis of Reforms. Cambridge Journal of Education, 44(1), 113-145 https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2013.860080
  43. Tesfaye, S. (2014). Teacher preparation in Ethiopia: A Critical analysis of reforms. Cambridge Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2013.860080
  44. Tsehay, J. (2012). Reading assessment of early grade children of five Woredas in North Gonder of Amhara Region: A baseline data analytic report. Save the Children, Norway.
  45. UNESCO. (n.d.). Literacy: Poverty and development. http://www.unesco.org/en/efa/international-cooperation/e-initiative/8thmeeting/main-theme/poverty-and-development/
  46. Vaughn, S., Roberts, G., Schnakenberg, J. B., Fall, A., Vaughn, M. G., & Wexler, J. (2015). Improving reading comprehension for high school students with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 82(1), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/0014402915585478
  47. Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  48. Vygotsky, L. (1998). The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky: Child psychology (Vol. 5). New York: Plenum Press.
  49. Washburn, E., Joshi, R. M., & Binks-Cantrell, E. S. (2011). Are Pre-service Teachers Prepared to Teach Struggling Readers? Annals of Dyslexia, 61(1), 21-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-010-0040-y
  50. Wexler, J., Pyle, N., & Fall, A. M. (2015). Dropout prevention intervention with secondary students: A pilot study of project GOAL. Preventing School Failure, 59(3), 142-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2013.876957
  51. Widdowson, H. G. (1979). Explorations in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  52. Workneh, A., & Tassew, W. (October, 2013). Teacher training and development in Ethiopia improving education quality by developing teacher skills, attitudes and work conditions. Young Lives: An International Study of Children Poverty, Working Paper 103.
  53. www.younglives.org.uk
  54. Wubalem, G., & Sarangi, I. (2019). History of education and English language teaching in Ethiopia: A brief Survey. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331412029
  55. Zewdie, M. (2000). A study guide for curriculum implementation and evaluation (Unpublished Teaching Materials for the Course Educ.676). Addis Ababa University.

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.